True Airspeed Calibration

6rv

New Member
Joined
Apr 23, 2007
Messages
15
A while back, there was a discussion on providing a method to calibrate the TAS being calculated. My indicated airspeed is correct at lower speeds, but at cruise, there appears to be a static error. This results in a slightly higher indicated airspeed and therefore the Dynon computes the wrong TAS. The end result is that the wind vector is way off. It's basically unusable.

Are there any plans to allow the end user to setup a calibration table for true airspeed? During flight tests, it’s easy to compute TAS with GPS runs on three heading. If the TAS computed by the Dynon was also recorded, then a correction table could be generated. If this could be entered into the Dynon, then it would be possible for the EFIS to display the corrected TAS and the wind vector would be much more accurate.
 

dynonsupport

Dynon Technical Support
Staff member
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Mar 23, 2005
Messages
13,226
It's on our wish list, but it hasn't been prioritized, so no promises about when it will happen.
 
Joined
Mar 23, 2005
Messages
134
Hi 6rv,

I guess you fly an RV-6 ;), it seems to be a bit of an RV issue with the static port, wouldn't it be better to fix the static port issue instead of correcting the static error on the Dynon? I think to recall that flush static ports did cause that issue on the RV's. Did you check on the vansairforce forum? I just checked

http://www.vansairforce.com/community/showthread.php?t=15629&highlight=speed+error

and check that one too

http://www.kilohotel.com/rv8/rvlinks/ssec.html

Werner
 

6rv

New Member
Joined
Apr 23, 2007
Messages
15
I have Van's stock static kit, and static ports installed. A small TAS error can become a large error in wind computation. It would help the usability of the wind vector if we could input a table to correct this error.
 

khorton

New Member
Joined
Nov 14, 2005
Messages
156
Location
Ottawa, Canada
I have Van's stock static kit, and static ports installed.
I wonder if you have an error in your OAT sensor.  Where is the OAT probe mounted?  Some people mount them in places where the back side of the probe is affected by cockpit air, which is usually warmer than ambient air.  This can happen if the probe is installed in the NACA scoop on the side of the fuselage.  This can result in OAT errors of several degrees, which would affect the TAS calculation.

How much do you believe the TAS error is?  You might be able to get a rough handle on it by flying directly into wind, noting the displayed wind, then turning 180 degrees, keeping the same altitude and IAS, and noting the displayed wind again.  If the wind speed does not change, and if the TAS was perfectly accurate, those two displayed winds should be the same.

Heading error will also play a role in the accuracy of the displayed wind.  How accurate is your displayed heading?

Is it possible that you have a pitot or static system leak?

If the error is due to static system error, it will also affect the IAS, altitude display, and the altitude reported by the transponder.  In this case, it would be better to have the EFIS apply a correction to its sensed static pressure, as this would correct all values that depend on static pressure.  Applying a correction to TAS fixes the symptom, but it doesn't fix the basic problem.
 

6rv

New Member
Joined
Apr 23, 2007
Messages
15
I wonder if you have an error in your OAT sensor.  Where is the OAT probe mounted?  Some people mount them in places where the back side of the probe is affected by cockpit air, which is usually warmer than ambient air.  This can happen if the probe is installed in the NACA scoop on the side of the fuselage.  This can result in OAT errors of several degrees, which would affect the TAS calculation.

How much do you believe the TAS error is?  You might be able to get a rough handle on it by flying directly into wind, noting the displayed wind, then turning 180 degrees, keeping the same altitude and IAS, and noting the displayed wind again.  If the wind speed does not change, and if the TAS was perfectly accurate, those two displayed winds should be the same.

Heading error will also play a role in the accuracy of the displayed wind.  How accurate is your displayed heading?

Is it possible that you have a pitot or static system leak?

If the error is due to static system error, it will also affect the IAS, altitude display, and the altitude reported by the transponder.  In this case, it would be better to have the EFIS apply a correction to its sensed static pressure, as this would correct all values that depend on static pressure.  Applying a correction to TAS fixes the symptom, but it doesn't fix the basic problem.

Kevin,

I’m confident that the OAT sensor is correct. The aircraft has two independent OAT probes, located on different parts of the airframe (wing and tail). One feeds the Dynon, the other a RMI MicroEncoder. They are within 1 deg C of each other. The accuracy has also been verified during a two ship formation.

The TAS error is 7-10 KTAS. This has been determined by flying three GPS runs and using the widely available Excel spreadsheet.

There is no static leak. The aircraft has a current IFR cert and I’ve recently checked the system by bringing it to 1500’ AGL and taping the ports. After 3 minutes, I discontinued the test as the system was holding ‘altitude’. The IFR requirements are 100’/min leak down, so I’m well within the requirement.

I’m sure that my error is due to a static position error. If I engage the altitude hold and vary the IAS from Vs+10 to cruise, the GPS altitude will vary by 110-130’. At cruise, the GPS altitude is lower than indicated altitude, so the altimeter is reading 110-130’ high at cruise. The static system is reading a lower than ambient pressure at these speeds.

You’re correct that a TAS correction would fix the system, and not the problem. I have a stock Van’s static system. Short of randomly drilling holes in the fuselage, I’m unsure how to solve this. The ideal solution would be to increase the pressure at the static port. The documentation that I’ve been able to find talks about determining the error, but not how to correct it.

Thank you for your input
 

khorton

New Member
Joined
Nov 14, 2005
Messages
156
Location
Ottawa, Canada
The TAS error is 7-10 KTAS.  This has been determined by flying three GPS runs and using the widely available Excel spreadsheet.

I’m sure that my error is due to a static position error.  If I engage the altitude hold and vary the IAS from Vs+10 to cruise, the GPS altitude will vary by 110-130’.  At cruise, the GPS altitude is lower than indicated altitude, so the altimeter is reading 110-130’ high at cruise.  The static system is reading a lower than ambient pressure at these speeds.

You’re correct that a TAS correction would fix the system, and not the problem.  I have a stock Van’s static system.  Short of randomly drilling holes in the fuselage, I’m unsure how to solve this.  The ideal solution would be to increase the pressure at the static port.  The documentation that I’ve been able to find talks about determining the error, but not how to correct it.  

Have your double checked the location of your static ports against the plans?  

Is there anything about your static ports that would cause them to be sticking out further from the skin than on other RVs?  Is it possible that Van included the wrong rivets in the static system kit, or that you installed the wrong rivets?  Measure the height of your static ports (i.e. the amount they stick out from the skin), and compare it to other RVs.

This may very well be static system position error.  An error of 8 kt TAS at 8,000 ft would require an error of about 7 kt CAS.  This would imply an error in the static pressure of about 0.11 in HG, which would give about a 130 ft error in the altitude.  This is consistent with what you report.

If you want to mess around trying to reduce the error, here are a few things you could try:

1. You could reduce the amount the pop rivets stick out from the skin.  Either substitute a flatter rivet, or polish a bit of material off the rivets to make them lower.  The magnitude of errors you report is about the same as other RVers have reported with flush static ports (their errors were in the other direction though).  Some people fixed their errors by glueing the domes from 3/32 (or 1/8?) rivets on top of the static ports.  This suggests that you may eventually need to remove about that much material from your pop rivets, but go at it a bit at a time, with a test flight between each removal of material.  I have no idea what this will do to the integrity of the pop rivets.  You may want to look for flatter pop rivets to use as a starting point.

2. Alternatively, you could put a small dam just behind the static ports.  This would be a small vertical wall just behind the ports that would cause the air to jam up against it, which would cause a small local increase in the static pressure.  Easy does it here too, as too big a dam could cause a very large change in airspeed system error.  Start small, and work your way towards bigger.

I recommend option 1, as it should be just as effective, and would look a lot better.

If you make either type of change described above, please understand that it could affect the airspeed accuracy at all airspeeds.  Thus the IAS at the stall may change, and  the optimum IAS for take off and approach may change.  This could lead to an accident if you simply use the same IAS you have always used.  Be careful.  On the first flight with any changes to the airspeed system, it would be prudent to do stalls to check the IAS at the stall, and to do a simulated approach and flare at altitude to confirm adequate handling at your proposed approach IAS.

I am a bit baffled about what is apparently different about your aircraft though.  I know that most RV builders don't do extensive static system accuracy testing, so it is possible that many RVers have large errors and don't know it.  But, the few that have done testing seem to find relatively small errors, as far as I can tell from the available reports.  

Keep us posted. I love a mystery.
 

6rv

New Member
Joined
Apr 23, 2007
Messages
15
Have your double checked the location of your static ports against the plans?  

Is there anything about your static ports that would cause them to be sticking out further from the skin than on other RVs?  Is it possible that Van included the wrong rivets in the static system kit, or that you installed the wrong rivets?  Measure the height of your static ports (i.e. the amount they stick out from the skin), and compare it to other RVs.

This may very well be static system position error.  An error of 8 kt TAS at 8,000 ft would require an error of about 7 kt CAS.  This would imply an error in the static pressure of about 0.11 in HG, which would give about a 130 ft error in the altitude.  This is consistent with what you report.

If you want to mess around trying to reduce the error, here are a few things you could try:

1. You could reduce the amount the pop rivets stick out from the skin.  Either substitute a flatter rivet, or polish a bit of material off the rivets to make them lower.  The magnitude of errors you report is about the same as other RVers have reported with flush static ports (their errors were in the other direction though).  Some people fixed their errors by glueing the domes from 3/32 (or 1/8?) rivets on top of the static ports.  This suggests that you may eventually need to remove about that much material from your pop rivets, but go at it a bit at a time, with a test flight between each removal of material.  I have no idea what this will do to the integrity of the pop rivets.  You may want to look for flatter pop rivets to use as a starting point.

2. Alternatively, you could put a small dam just behind the static ports.  This would be a small vertical wall just behind the ports that would cause the air to jam up against it, which would cause a small local increase in the static pressure.  Easy does it here too, as too big a dam could cause a very large change in airspeed system error.  Start small, and work your way towards bigger.

I recommend option 1, as it should be just as effective, and would look a lot better.

If you make either type of change described above, please understand that it could affect the airspeed accuracy at all airspeeds.  Thus the IAS at the stall may change, and  the optimum IAS for take off and approach may change.  This could lead to an accident if you simply use the same IAS you have always used.  Be careful.  On the first flight with any changes to the airspeed system, it would be prudent to do stalls to check the IAS at the stall, and to do a simulated approach and flare at altitude to confirm adequate handling at your proposed approach IAS.

I am a bit baffled about what is apparently different about your aircraft though.  I know that most RV builders don't do extensive static system accuracy testing, so it is possible that many RVers have large errors and don't know it.  But, the few that have done testing seem to find relatively small errors, as far as I can tell from the available reports.  

Keep us posted.  I love a mystery.


Thank you for the analysis. Regarding Option 1, you may be on to something here. Instead of shaving aluminum off the static port rivets, I'll start by stripping the paint and primer and then polishing them. I'll run flight tests before and after each change. The aircraft was painted with a sandable primer, followed by top coat. Looking back, I believe that the static ports were omitted from the sanding process. This may be nothing more than a heavy coat of sandable primer.

This conversation is outside the scope of this forum. I'll contact you via email and will post the final solution here.
 
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